Why European Cities Like London and Amsterdam Appear Cleaner and Safer Than Their American Counterparts

written by JOE WALLACE

SEPTEMBER 20, 2024

When comparing European cities like London and Amsterdam to their American counterparts, many travelers and expatriates observe noticeable differences in cleanliness, safety, and urban serenity. These European metropolises often seem to boast fewer homeless individuals on the streets, reduced levels of air pollution, and a quieter atmosphere despite bustling populations. What accounts for these differences? While the contrasts might paint the United States in an unflattering light, it is essential to examine the reasons behind these disparities to gain a deeper understanding of urban life on both sides of the Atlantic.

1. Urban Planning and Infrastructure Priorities

European cities such as London and Amsterdam benefit from centuries of history that have shaped their urban environments. One of the most significant differences lies in their prioritization of pedestrian-friendly infrastructure and efficient public transportation systems.

In London, the city’s dense layout and robust transportation network, including the Tube, buses, and cycling lanes, provide convenient alternatives to driving. Amsterdam’s layout is even more notable, with an emphasis on cycling infrastructure that minimizes the need for cars in the city center. More than 60% of Amsterdam’s residents commute by bicycle, which contributes significantly to the low air pollution levels. In contrast, many American cities were designed with cars in mind, leading to sprawling urban areas that often necessitate personal vehicle use, resulting in higher emissions and congestion.

2. Environmental Regulations and Public Awareness

Europe’s stringent environmental regulations are another crucial factor. The European Union has been at the forefront of efforts to combat climate change, with cities like London and Amsterdam imposing tight emissions standards on vehicles. The introduction of ultra-low emission zones (ULEZ) in London, where older, polluting vehicles are charged hefty fees, has significantly reduced air pollution. In the U.S., while some cities have made strides in this direction, the overall approach to emissions regulation is less aggressive, and the use of larger vehicles such as SUVs and trucks remains prevalent.

Public awareness and cultural attitudes toward the environment also play a part. European citizens are more likely to use public transportation or opt for eco-friendly alternatives like walking and cycling. In many U.S. cities, public transportation systems are less developed, and the car culture is deeply ingrained, making it harder to reduce pollution levels.

3. Homelessness and Social Safety Nets

The stark difference in the visibility of homelessness between European and American cities is often one of the first things visitors notice. This disparity can be attributed to the contrasting approaches to social welfare. European countries, particularly those in the EU, tend to have more comprehensive social safety nets. For example, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom have extensive housing assistance programs, unemployment benefits, and healthcare systems that prevent many from falling into homelessness.

The United States, on the other hand, has a more fragmented social welfare system that varies significantly by state and city. Housing costs have skyrocketed in many major U.S. cities, while social programs have not kept pace with rising needs. This, coupled with challenges in mental health care access, often leaves more people on the streets without adequate support systems. While homelessness certainly exists in European cities, it is less visible and is often addressed through more robust support networks and social housing initiatives.

4. Crime Rates and Policing

Safety is another area where European cities like London and Amsterdam frequently outperform American urban centers. This can be partly attributed to lower violent crime rates, which are often the result of differences in gun ownership and policing strategies. European countries generally have stricter gun control laws than the U.S., resulting in lower rates of gun violence. Moreover, community-oriented policing, which emphasizes crime prevention and engagement rather than aggressive enforcement, has been implemented in many European cities.

The presence of closed-circuit television (CCTV) in London and Amsterdam also contributes to a sense of safety. London, in particular, is known for its extensive use of surveillance cameras, which are credited with helping to deter crime. In contrast, many American cities face complex challenges related to crime and policing, with higher rates of violent crime and a deeply ingrained gun culture.

5. Noise Levels and Urban Serenity

Despite their size and population density, cities like Amsterdam and parts of London can feel remarkably peaceful compared to many U.S. cities. One reason for this is the lower reliance on cars. Fewer vehicles on the road result in less traffic noise, and with the rise of electric vehicles and bicycles, cities like Amsterdam are remarkably quiet, especially in residential areas.

Additionally, European urban design often emphasizes green spaces and walkable areas. Parks, canals, and pedestrian zones are central to cities like Amsterdam, offering residents and visitors a reprieve from urban noise. While U.S. cities do have parks and recreational areas, they are often less accessible due to the sprawling nature of American urban planning.

6. An Amusing Observation: Free Healthcare, But Paid Toilets

One particularly amusing observation I made as a visitor in the UK is the contrast between healthcare and public restroom access. In the UK, healthcare is free for all citizens, regardless of their income or tax contributions. This universal access to healthcare is one of the hallmarks of European social systems. However, it costs the equivalent of about 30 cents to use a public restroom. It’s an interesting irony: you can visit a doctor or a hospital for free, but accessing a clean, public restroom comes with a small fee. While the idea of paying to use a toilet may seem odd to Americans, it’s a practical solution in Europe that helps maintain clean and well-maintained facilities in public spaces.

Conclusion

The cleanliness, safety, and tranquility of European cities like London and Amsterdam are the result of thoughtful urban planning, stringent environmental regulations, and comprehensive social safety nets. In contrast, many American cities, shaped by car-centric designs and less aggressive approaches to social welfare and environmental policy, face challenges that make them appear dirtier, more dangerous, and louder by comparison. While this paints a sobering picture of American urban life, it also presents opportunities for U.S. cities to adopt successful European strategies to improve the quality of life for their residents.

And for those traveling to the UK, just remember: healthcare might be free, but don’t forget your pocket change if you need to use the restroom!